Once you have purchased your pearl jewelry, the next most important part in the life of your jewelry is the care you give to it. Pearls are porous and thus are ranked between a 3.5 and 4.5 on the Mohs hardness scale (diamonds are ranked a 10 - the hardest known natural element) making the surface of a pearl susceptible to scratches by content with sharp objects and other gemstones.
Here is a short list of cautions to help protect and nurture the long life of your pearl jewelry.
1. Being organic materials, pearls are vulnerable to acid, alkaline and humidity levels. Perfume and hairspray, which contain alcohol and acids, should be avoided on the neck, upper chest, wrist, fingers and earlobes. Take your pearls off when applying cosmetics.
2. Sweat, perspiration, oil secretion from skin, and soapy water can dull and discolor the surface luster of pearls. After removing your pearl jewelry, wipe the individual pearls with a damp (not wet), soft cloth or silicon cloth. Only use cleaners labeled as safe for pearls. Do not use an ultrasonic cleaner. Do not steam clean. A small drop of olive oil on the cloth can help maintain the luster. Pay close attention to the areas around the drill holes where dirt may tend to collect. Lay your pearls on a towel to dry.
3. Water can weaken the silk thread which holds the pearls together. Remove your pearl jewelry before showering, bathing, swimming or entering a hot tub. Do not wear pearls when the string is wet (though the string should always be dry). Wet string will stretch and attract dirt making it difficult to clean.
4. Do not expose pearls to direct sunlight or leave them in high temperatures. Heat can turn pearls brown or dry them out and make them crack.
5. Remove your pearls before cooking, cleaning and washing dishes; liquids like vinegar, fruit juices and detergents should be immediately wiped off. Do not expose pearls to bleaches, powdered cleaners, baking soda, and ammonia-based cleaners (like Windex).
6. Avoid wearing Shetland wool with pearls.
7. Do not hang pearls to dry.
8. Do not wear pearls when the string is wet.
9. About every six months, have your pearls inspected by a professional jeweler for secure mounting and a strong string.
10. Do store your pearl jewelry is a chamois or other non-abrasive bag. Do not leave your pearls on top of or under your other jewelry.
By following these simple pearl care instructions, your pearl jewelry will last longer and maintain their natural beauty for their lifetime.